GLP-1- The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly!

In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in GLP-1 medications and its potential to provide therapeutic benefit. GLP-1 for years had been used exclusively for the treatment of type 2 diabetes but has now been found to have multiple beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and has been FDA approved to treat obesity. GLP-1 works by binding to GLP-1 receptors, which are located in a variety of tissues throughout the body including pancreas, brain and fat cells. However, is GLP-1 all that it is made out to be? In this blog post we will discuss what makes GLP-1 so special by delving into its features and effects on our bodies; taking into consideration both the good and bad side of things when discussing each aspect about GLP-1.

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WHAT IS GLP-1?

GLP-1 stands for Glucagon Like Peptide-1 and it is a hormone released from the intestines in response to food intake. GLP-1 is an incretin hormone and its primary role is to stimulate the release of insulin from the pancreas. GLP-1 also increases glucose uptake in the muscle cells, inhibits glucagon secretion from the pancreas and decreases appetite and food intake. GLP-1 acts on specific receptors present in multiple tissues throughout the body, including pancreatic beta cells, brain areas involved in reward processing, and fat cells.

GLP-1 AND DIABETES

GLP-1 is used in diabetes treatment to stimulate the release of insulin from the pancreas and decrease glucagon secretion. GLP-1 agonists (synthetic GLP-1 molecules) are used in combination with other therapies to improve glycemic control and reduce risk of hypoglycemia. GLP-1 agonists are approved for use as injectable medications and GLP-1 receptor antagonists are approved for use as oral medications. GLP-1 agonists have been shown to reduce HbA1c levels, improve glycemic control and reduce risk of hypoglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

GLP-1 AND OBESITY

In addition to its effects on glucose metabolism, GLP-1 has been found to have beneficial effects on obesity. GLP-1 agonists reduce food intake by decreasing the reward associated with eating. GLP-1 receptors are present in brain areas involved in reward processing, so GLP-1 agonists can decrease the motivation and drive to eat by disrupting these reward pathways. GLP-1 agonists also increase energy expenditure and reduce fat storage in the body. GLP-1 agonists are approved for use as injectable medications to help individuals with obesity achieve weight loss goals.

THE GOOD, THE BAD & THE UGLY OF GLP-1

The “good” of GLP-1 is that GLP-1 agonists have been found to reduce HbA1c levels, improve glycemic control and reduce risk of hypoglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 agonists also have beneficial effects on obesity, reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. In a recent study, GLP-1 agonists were found to lead to an average of 7% weight loss in the treatment group versus 2.3 % in the placebo group, with GLP-1 therapy leading to greater reductions in body fat.

The “bad” of GLP-1 is that GLP-1 agonists can be expensive and may not be covered by insurance plans. GLP-1 agonists are injectable medications, so this can be inconvenient for some individuals. GLP-1 receptor antagonists may cause fluid retention and weight gain in some individuals.

The “ugly” of GLP-1 is that GLP-1 agonists can cause gastrointestinal side effects, including nausea and vomiting. GLP-1 receptor antagonists have also been linked to lean mass loss and increased risk of fractures. In a recent study, GLP-1 receptor antagonist therapy was associated with a significantly higher risk of fracture in women compared to GLP-1 agonist therapy. Additionally, in two semaglutide trials , DEXA scans revealed  a significant decrease in lean muscle mass associated with GLP-1 receptor antagonist therapy.

NOT ALL WEIGHT LOSS IS CREATED EQUAL

GLP-1 agonists have been found to be effective for weight loss, but it is important to understand that not all weight loss is created equal. Losing weight in itself  is not a cure for obesity. GLP-1 agonists are only one piece of the puzzle when it comes to weight loss and should be used in combination with lifestyle changes, such as increased physical activity and improved nutrition, to promote long-term success. GLP-1 agonists reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure, but they do not address underlying issues with emotional eating or lifestyle factors such as diet and lack of physical activity.

Body Composition vs Body Weight

When trying to reach weight loss goals, it is important to measure body composition (lean mass and fat mass) rather than just focusing on body weight. GLP-1 agonists have been linked to lean mass loss, so monitoring body composition can help ensure that individuals are losing fat and not muscle. Muscle is important because it helps burn calories and maintain a healthy metabolism, so preserving lean mass is important for long-term weight loss success. Fat loss while increasing muscle mass is the ultimate goal! Before starting these medications, it’s recommended to have a form of body compositional analysis to assess your baseline, such as a DEXA scan.

BODY COMPOSITION AND LONGEVITY

Recently on the blog, we discussed how strength training is a critical piece of the puzzle for optimal longevity.  GLP-1 agonists can be helpful for weight loss, but it is important to understand that GLP-1 agonists cannot replace strength training for optimal longevity. Our body composition and muscle strength are important for maintaining our quality of life and independence as we age, so it is important to focus on building muscle mass and not just the number on the scale.

TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING

While GLP-1 can be an excellent way to improve glycemic control and reduce risk of hypoglycemia, GLP-1 agonists should not be taken indefinitely. GLP-1 agonists can have serious side effects in some individuals and long-term use of GLP-1 agonists is associated with an increased risk of fractures. Thus, GLP-1 agonists should be used responsibly under the supervision of a healthcare provider after weighing out risks and benefits.

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STRENGTH TRAINING FOR LONGEVITY

If you have ever been on a call with Dr. Bajnath, you may hear what sounds like a treadmill in the background. “Sitting is the new smoking” is phrase Dr. Bajnath tells all his patients when they ask him about the treadmill. In fact, the average American spends 6-7 hours a day sitting. We all know that aerobic exercise can be beneficial for the heart muscles and overall health. But what about muscle strength? Recent research has found that muscle strength may be just as important for longevity as aerobic exercise, and is often overlooked. In this week’s blog, we’ll be discussing the importance of muscle strength for longevity and why it has become increasingly important with our sedentary lifestyles. We’ll also look at some strategies for incorporating more muscle-strengthening activities into your daily routine. So, if you’re looking to live a longer, healthier life, don’t forget about strength training!

WHAT IS STRENGTH TRAINING?

Strength training, also known as resistance training, is any exercise that uses your own body weight or external weights like dumbbells to increase muscle strength and endurance. Strength training can be done in a variety of ways including lifting weights, using machines, and doing bodyweight exercises like push-ups or squats. Research shows that the average 30 year old starts to lose muscle mass at a rate of 1-2% per year, so incorporating strength training into your routine can help slow down this process.

BENEFITS OF STRENGTH TRAINING

Strength training is an important component in maintaining health as we age. It can help:

• Reduce body fat and improve body composition

• Improve cardiovascular health and lower risk of stroke and heart disease

• Strengthen bones, joints and connective tissues

• Increase muscle strength, flexibility, power and endurance

• Improve balance and coordination

• Boost energy levels and reduce fatigue

• Help manage stress, depression and anxiety

STRENGTH TRAINING & LONGEVITY

In Longevity Medicine, we are constantly looking for ways to optimize healthspan and extend life expectancy. Research has shown that strength training can be beneficial for longevity, as it helps to slow down the process of age-related muscle loss, reduce body fat, increase bone strength and improve overall health. Additionally, reports have suggested that intense exercise and strength training may lead to a longer lifespan due to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits of exercise.

The British Journal of Sports Medicine in a meta-analysis of 28 studies concluded that there is a correlation between muscle strength and longevity. The study found that increased muscle strength was associated with a 22% decrease in mortality risk, while aerobic activity was associated with an 11% reduction in mortality risk. Research shows that having strong muscles significantly decreases the risk of premature death from any cause. Building muscle strength through resistance training helps you not only to age more gracefully, but also to combat chronic illnesses like diabetes and heart disease. Strength training does not need to be intimidating or overly time consuming. You can use your own body weight for resistance, or you can use hand weights and resistance bands. Even a few minutes of strength training a day can make a difference in your health outcomes.

Creating an exercise program that combines both aerobic exercise and strength training is the key to enjoying the benefits of both types of physical activity. The American Heart Association recommends at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at least five days a week, plus two or more days of strength training.

HOW TO GET STARTED WITH STRENGTH TRAINING

If you are new to strength training, it can seem overwhelming at first. Here are some simple tips to help get you started:

-Start slow and focus on proper form

-Find a program that works for you

-Begin with bodyweight exercises and work your way up

-Incorporate different types of strength training (free weights, weight machines, resistance bands, etc.)

-Listen to your body – rest when needed and choose lighter weights if necessary

STRENGTH EXERCISES TO INCORPORATE FOR LONGEVITY

SQUATS

As we age, our ability to effectively move decreases. Squats help to improve our mobility and reduce the risk of falls. Regular squats can also strengthen your lower body, specifically your glutes and legs. This comes in handy especially when we age as this helps preserve our ability to pick things up from the floor and use the restroom without assistance.

PUSHUPS

We all know that pushups are great for building upper body strength. But pushups can help you live longer too, as they are good for your heart health and reduce the risk of injury due to falls. Pushups also engage core muscles which helps in maintaining balance and coordination.

BENT-OVER ROWS

Rows target multiple major muscle groups, including the back muscles, shoulders, and arms. Strengthening these areas provides improved posture and balance, which can reduce the risk of falls. The bent-over row is particularly great for improving stability, posture, and flexibility.

PLANKS

Planks are an efficient exercise that works multiple muscle groups at the same time. Planks help to build core strength, which is essential for a healthy back and improved balance. They also improve posture, which helps decrease the risk of injury due to falls.

BRIDGES

Bridges target your glutes and hamstrings and help with lower back pain. This exercise supports the spine, strengthens the abdomen, and increases range of motion in the hips. Bridges also help to reduce inflammation in the joints, which can help keep them healthy as we age.

The evidence is clear: strength training is key for living a longer, healthier life. Incorporating a variety of exercises into your routine will help you build muscle strength and improve balance, posture, flexibility, and circulation. Start today and reap the benefits for years to come!

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Anti-Aging with Peptides: The Future of Longevity Medicine?

The promise of longer life is something that has captivated people for centuries. And while the Fountain of Youth has so far eluded us, researchers are constantly looking for new ways to extend our longevity. One promising avenue is the use of peptides to fight aging. peptides have a variety of anti-aging properties that could lead to longer, healthier lives for everyone. In this post, we’ll explore the potential of peptides and what they could mean for the future of longevity.

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WHAT ARE PEPTIDES AND WHAT DO THEY DO IN THE BODY?

Peptides are made up of smaller units called amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. In the body, peptides perform a variety of important functions. They can act as hormones, enzymes, or even neurotransmitters. They are able to do this because they can bind to and activate receptors on cells. This interaction between peptides and cells is what allows them to exert their various effects in the body. There are many different types of peptides, each with its own unique function. For example, there are peptides that can increase collagen production, which can help improve skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles. There are also peptides that can help to increase muscle mass, and others that can boost the immune system.

 There are two main types of receptors: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and enzymes.

GPCRs are found on the surface of cells, and they are activated when a peptide binds to them. This binding causes a change in the shape of the receptor, which in turn activates the G protein. The G protein then signals to other molecules inside the cell, resulting in a change in the function of that cell. For example, GPCRs can stimulate the production of enzymes, hormones, or proteins.

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body. When a peptide binds to an enzyme, it can change the shape of that enzyme. This change in shape can either increase or decrease the activity of the enzyme. For example, some peptides can bind to enzymes that break down collagen, resulting in less collagen being produced. Other peptides can bind to enzymes involved in cell proliferation, resulting in an increase in cell growth.

HORMONES VS PEPTIDES

Hormones are another class of molecules that can bind to and activate receptors on both nuclear (within) and surface (on) the cells. Meaning, they can also exert a variety of effects in the body. However, there are some important differences between hormones and peptides. First, hormones are typically much larger molecules than peptides. This difference in size is due to the fact that peptide hormones are made up of multiple amino acids, while peptides are made up of just a few. Second, hormones are typically produced in endocrine glands (such as the pituitary gland or the thyroid gland), while peptides can be produced in many different tissues throughout the body. Finally, hormones circulate throughout the bloodstream, and have a systemic effect on cells anywhere in the body.  Because of their size, hormones tend to have a more long-lasting effect in the body than peptides. In contrast, peptides are often localized to a specific area and only affect the cells nearby. For example, a peptide produced in the gut will only affect cells in the gut. This specificity means that peptides can be designed to have very specific effects in the body. This is why they are being studied for their potential use in a variety of different treatments.

Peptides are not meant to replace hormones, but they can be used to supplement them. For example, if someone is deficient in a particular hormone, peptides can be used to help increase levels of that hormone. Peptides can also be used to target specific receptors that are not affected by hormones. Hormones play a different role than peptides, and they work together to maintain homeostasis in the body.

How Do Peptides Work?

Peptides work by interacting with receptors on cells. This interaction can result in a change in the function of that cell. For example, some peptides can stimulate the production of collagen, while others can increase muscle mass. The specific effect that a peptide has depends on the type of receptor it binds to. There are two main types of  receptors: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and enzymes.

GPCRs are found on the surface of cells, and they are activated when a peptide binds to them. This binding causes a change in the shape of the receptor, which in turn activates the G protein. The G protein then signals to other molecules inside the cell, resulting in a change in the function of that cell. For example, GPCRs can stimulate the production of enzymes, hormones, or proteins.

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body. When a peptide binds to an enzyme, it can change the shape of that enzyme. This change in shape can either increase or decrease the activity of the enzyme. For example, some peptides can bind to enzymes that break down collagen, resulting in less collagen being produced. Other peptides can bind to enzymes involved in cell proliferation, resulting in an increase in cell growth.

Peptides Used in Anti-Aging

There are a variety of different peptides that have been studied for their potential use in anti-aging treatments. Some of the most common include:

GHRPs

Growth hormone-releasing p[1]eptides are a class of peptides that stimulate the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Growth hormone is important for a variety of different functions in the body, including muscle growth, fat metabolism, and bone density. GHRPs are thought to be beneficial for anti-aging because they can help increase muscle mass, reduce body fat, and improve bone density.

GHK-Cu

Copper peptides are a type of peptide that has been shown to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. GHK-Cu is a copper peptide that has been specifically studied for its anti-aging properties. GHK-Cu has been shown to stimulate the production of collagen and reduce the appearance of wrinkles. It has also been shown to improve wound healing and promote tissue regeneration.[2]

PKC Inhibitors

Protein kinase C (PKC) is an enzyme that plays a role in cell proliferation and cell death. PKC inhibitors are peptides that bind to PKC and prevent it from performing its function. PKC inhibitors are thought to be beneficial for anti-aging because they can help prevent cell death and promote cell proliferation. [3]

BPC57

BPC57 is a peptide that has been shown to have a variety of different effects, including reducing inflammation, stimulating wound healing, and promoting cell proliferation. BPC57 is thought to be beneficial for anti-aging because it can help reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. [4]

Thymic Peptides

Thymic peptides are a type of peptide that is produced by the thymus gland. Thymic peptides are thought to be beneficial for the immune system, and they have also been shown to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. Thymic peptides are thought to be beneficial for anti-aging because they can help improve the immune system and promote tissue regeneration. [5]

MOTS-C

MOTS-C has been shown to have a variety of different effects, including reducing inflammation, stimulating wound healing, and promoting cell proliferation.[6] MOTS-C is thought to be beneficial for anti-aging because it can help reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration.

While there is still much to learn about the potential use of peptides for anti-aging, the available evidence suggests that peptides can be beneficial for reducing the signs of aging. Peptides offer a unique approach to anti-aging, and we are hoping that they may provide a more effective, holistic, and safe alternative to traditional treatments. We can expect in the coming years, peptides will continue to play an important role in anti-aging treatments. With more research and development, we can expect to see even better results from these powerful molecules. Have you tried any peptide-based anti-aging products? Leave a comment below and let us know what you think!

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392015/

[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6073405/

[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12056641/

[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6271067/

[5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2279904/

[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31369811/

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A FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE APPROACH TO DETOX

With the start of the new year, many of us have set a resolution to be healthier and detoxing is often included in this plan. Detoxifying the body can help eliminate toxins, hormones, microbes, and metabolic waste that create inflammation and interfere with optimal functioning. However, in Functional Medicine (FM), “detox” has a very specific definition. Unlike juice cleanses or quick-fixes, Functional Medicine detox focuses on removing the underlying causes of metabolic and biochemical imbalances. On this week’s blog, we will go over what “detoxing” means and how FM Physicians may look for possible toxins.

WHAT “DETOXING” MEANS IN FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE

The goal of a functional medicine approach to detoxification is to restore metabolism and functions so that the body can naturally remove toxins. This type of detox focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying causes of metabolic imbalances such as poor nutrition, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, stress, and impaired elimination pathways. Why do we need to detox? Let’s go over what toxins are and how they function in our body.

Toxins refer to any substance that has a negative impact on our health. These substances can be

  • environmental pollutants
  • endocrine disruptors
  • metabolic byproducts of the body’s own processes
  • and more!

Environmental pollutants refer to toxins we are exposed to in our environment through air, water and even food. Endocrine disruptors interfere with the delicate balance of hormones in our bodies and can lead to a wide range of health issues. Finally, metabolic byproducts are substances created as a result of our body’s own processes that when present at high levels can be toxic.

Toxins are stored in our fat cells, liver, intestine and other tissues and organs where they affect metabolism by producing inflammation and oxidative stress. This influences our hormones, digestion, absorption of nutrients and detox pathways. As a result, our body can become overloaded with toxins, leading to a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, digestive issues, skin breakouts and more.

TYPES OF DETOX

In Functional Medicine, there are several forms of detoxification therapies. Functional Medicine detoxification protocols are designed to support the body’s natural elimination process and restore optimal function. This is done by focusing on the diet, lifestyle, microbiome, and environment. These can range from dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments, and supplements to promote optimal function of the body’s natural detox pathways. Let’s go over a few.

DETOX TO ELIMINATE FOOD SENSITIVITES

A Functional Medicine Provider may recommend an elimination diet to identify any food sensitivities that could be triggering reactions such as headaches or skin rashes. This type of detox focuses on removing all potential allergens from your diet and then, over time, reintroducing them one by one. This can help to identify foods that may be causing inflammation or other issues in the body. [i]

            DETOX TO SUPPORT GUT HEALTH

The gut microbiome plays an important role in digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of toxins. When there is dysbiosis or an imbalance in the gut, it can cause digestive symptoms such as bloating and constipation. A Functional Medicine detox approach to gut health may include dietary changes such as adding fermented foods and probiotics to support the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut. It may also include lifestyle modifications to reduce stress which can have a significant impact on the microbiome. [ii][iii][iv]

            GERSEN THERAPY

Gersen Therapy is a type of detox that uses saunas and sweat baths to help the body eliminate toxins. This form of detox may help support the organs responsible for toxin elimination such as the liver, kidneys, lungs, intestines, and skin. It may also reduce inflammation throughout the body and improve overall health.

INTERMITTENT FASTING

Intermittent fasting is another form of a detox that has become popular in recent years. This type of detox involves periods of fasting and eating to allow the body time to rest, repair and recover from any metabolic imbalances. Fasting stimulates adaptive cellular responses by upregulating certain detox pathways and promoting healthy mitochondrial function[v]. Fasting helps to reset the body’s metabolism and improves the body’s ability to process and eliminate toxins. It also decreases oxidative stress, which can lead to an improved sense of well-being. Fasting is an evidence-based form of detoxification and has been used for centuries to support physical and mental health.

WHY COMMON METHODS DO NOT WORK

As you embark on the new year, you will be overloaded with many types of “detoxes” and “cleanses”. These type of programs usually focus on the elimination of toxins through diets or quick fixes. While these methods might produce short-term effects, they do not address the underlying metabolic and biochemical imbalances that cause long-term health issues. These programs can also fail to take into account individual needs such as food intolerances, allergies or other conditions. Additionally, many of these commercially sold cleanses are full of sugar and other unhealthy ingredients which can further disturb metabolic balance.

Functional Medicine detoxification is a comprehensive approach that takes into account the individual’s metabolic biochemistry, gut microbiome, genetics, lifestyle habits and environmental exposures. By addressing these factors holistically, FM Providers are able to identify toxins, evaluate the body’s ability to detoxify and recommend dietary and lifestyle changes that support the body’s natural detoxification processes. By combining an individualized approach with evidence-based strategies, Functional Medicine Providers are able to accurately diagnose underlying issues that may be contributing to ill health.

[i] https://health.clevelandclinic.org/elimination-diet/

[ii] Chong, P. P., Chin, V. K., Looi, C. Y., Wong, W. F., Madhavan, P., & Yong, V. C. (2019). The Microbiome and Irritable Bowel Syndrome–A Review on the Pathophysiology, Current Research and Future Therapy. Frontiers in microbiology, 10, 1136. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579922/

[iii] Schippa, S., & Conte, M. P. (2014). Dysbiotic events in gut microbiota: impact on human health. Nutrients, 6(12), 5786-5805. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25514560/ PDF Download: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/6/12/5786/pdf&hl=en&sa=T&oi=gsb-gga&ct=res&cd=0&d=6322789030348841533&ei=M9CqXu-AAoGzmAGyv6DwCw&scisig=AAGBfm3t_f1GDhpsoLN3GDh9frIB2MCEhg

[iv] Chan, Y. K., Estaki, M., & Gibson, D. L. (2013). Clinical consequences of diet-induced dysbiosis. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 63(Suppl. 2), 28-40. Full text: https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/354902

[v] Patikorn C, Roubal K, Veettil SK, et al. Intermittent Fasting and Obesity-Related Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(12):e2139558. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.39558

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LONGEVITY MEDICINE – WHAT IS A DNA METHYLATION AGE CLOCK?

Recently on the Blog, we discussed “What is Longevity Medicine?” . Longevity Medicine is a branch of medicine that focuses on the optimization and enhancement of aging processes, extending lifespan and healthspan. Longevity Medicine takes on a precision approach, which involves the use of big data and breakthrough technology to collect medical information about an individual’s health, allowing for personalized treatments and plans that target each patient’s needs. One such technology has been developed by researcher is The DNA Methylation Age Clock. In this article we will dive deeper into one of the topics related to Longevity Medicine: DNA Methylation Age Clock (DMAC).

WHAT IS DNA METHYLATION?

Our DNA is composed of four different nucleotides – Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.

These nucleotide pairs form the basis of our genetic code, passing from generation to generation. The methylation process is part of a larger process called epigenetics, which refers to any biochemical changes made to DNA that do not alter the gene sequence yet still have an effect on gene expression. DNA methylation is a process in which the fourth building block of our DNA, cytosine, bonds with a molecule called Methyl Group (CH3). This connecting between cytosine and CH3 is known as “methylated” and it alters the functioning of our DNA, impacting gene expression. Gene expression refers to the level of activity a certain gene has. This is important as it can influence the risk of certain diseases, age-related decline in health and other aging processes.

Is methylation bad? No, not necessarily. The methylation process is important for the proper functioning of our cells and tissues. It is a natural progress that has evolved over millions of years to help regulate gene expression in an efficient manner. As we age, so does our DNA, which means that its methylation patterns can change as well. However, this process can be accelerated by a variety of different factors such as diet, lifestyle and environmental influences.

WHAT IS DNA METHYLATION AGE CLOCK?

The DNA Methylation Age Clock (DMAC) is an algorithm that can accurately measure biological age by analyzing over 350,000 methylation sites on one’s DNA. DMAC estimates the expected lifespan of an individual based on the age-associated changes in methylation levels. DMAC is an extremely precise measure of biological age, our age as measured by the clock of our own body, which is distinct from chronological age, providing information on how well an individual has aged compared to their chronological age. It also helps to identify any potential disease risk factors before they develop and suggests lifestyle modifications that can help slow down aging processes.

OTHER BIOMARKERS OF AGING

In addition to DMAC, there are many other biomarkers of aging used in Longevity Medicine. These include telomere length, IGF-1 levels and inflammation markers that help us measure how well an individual has aged compared to their projected age and other tests. With the increasing precision of these biomarkers of aging, physicians and healthcare professionals can accurately assess the risk for age-associated diseases and plan personalized treatments that take into account an individual’s epigenetic profile.

EPIGENETICS

Epigenetics is a term that has recently been popular over the last few years due to its potential implications in the field of Longevity Medicine. Epigenetics refers to any biochemical changes made to DNA that do not alter the gene sequence yet still have an effect on gene expression. In simple terms, epigenetics can be thought of as the “switch” that turns certain genes on and off in response to environmental factors. This process is extremely important when it comes to aging, as epigenetic changes can lead to age-related decline in health, such as increased risk of diseases, and has been linked to our longevity. Studies suggest that epigenetics plays a significant role in the aging process, and understanding how it works can help us develop new treatments for diseases related to aging.

EVOLUTION OF MEDICINE

The field of Longevity Medicine has seen tremendous growth in the last few years. By combining the latest technological advancements in genetics, genomics, and epigenetics with our increased understanding of aging, we are on the brink of unlocking numerous new treatments that can help us slow down the aging process and delay age-related diseases. The DNA Methylation Age Clock is one of these advances, and by understanding how epigenetic changes affect aging we can better prepare for the journey ahead. As more knowledge is gained about this process, it will become increasingly easy to develop improved treatments targeted at slowing down the aging process and increasing our longevity.

ABOUT US

At the Institute for Human Optimization, we are a Longevity and Functional Medicine Practice that specializes in helping individuals improve their health and increase their longevity. Our team leverages the latest technologies to evaluate each individual’s lifestyle, genetics and risk factors for age-related diseases. We then develop personalized programs tailored to each individual that can help them achieve optimal health and reversing biological age. Contact us today for our Longevity Medicine services.

Disclaimer: The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Additionally, the information provided in this blog, including but not limited to, text, graphics, images, and other material contained on this website, or in any linked materials, including but not limited to, text, graphics, images are not intended and should not be construed as medical advice and are for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Before taking any medications, over-the-counter drugs, supplements or herbs, consult a physician for a thorough evaluation. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before undertaking a new health care regimen, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this or any website.

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WHAT IS LONGEVITY MEDICINE?

Longevity medicine is an emerging field of medicine that aims to improve the length and quality of life for individuals. It focuses on longevity-promoting interventions such as lifestyle modifications, nutrition, supplements/nutraceuticals, exercise and stress reduction. This approach takes into account not just the physical but also mental, spiritual and social aspects of a person’s life. It is based on emerging evidence showing that certain lifestyle factors, such as healthy diet, physical exercise and stress reduction, play an important role in achieving longevity and preventing age-related diseases. Longevity medicine also looks at genetic testing to determine an individual’s risk of developing age-related illnesses. Through a comprehensive approach, longevity medicine strives to improve the lives of individuals by finding ways to extend human life expectancy and quality of life.

WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF LONGEVITY MEDICINE?

The primary goal of longevity medicine is to promote good health and well-being throughout a person’s life, with an emphasis on preventing age-related diseases. Through personalized interventions such as lifestyle modifications, nutrition, supplements/nutraceuticals, exercise and stress reduction, individuals can gain control over their own health and wellness. Unlike conventional medicine, which typically focuses on treating symptoms of chronic diseases, longevity medicine takes a proactive approach by helping individuals stay healthy and prevent the onset of age-related illnesses. Additionally, this type of medicine will also look at genetic testing and personalized interventions to help individuals achieve optimal wellness as they age. With its focus on preventive care and maintaining good health, longevity medicine has the potential to revolutionize how we think about aging and overall health.

BIOLOGICAL AGE

Recently on the blog, we discussed the subject of Reversing Biological Age. The concept of Biological Age is an important part of Longevity Medicine. Unlike Chronological Age, which measures age based on the number of years a person has lived, Biological Age is based on how well a person’s body and organs are functioning. In other words, it can be thought of as a measure of how “old” a person’s body is. It’s possible for someone to have a Chronological Age that is higher than their Biological Age, which means that their body is functioning better than what would be expected based on their age. Longevity Medicine looks at ways to reverse Biological Age and promote good health overall, so individuals can live longer, healthier lives.

LIFESPAN VS HEALTHSPAN

Lifespan refers to the average length of time a person is expected to live, while healthspan refers to the amount of time that a person lives in good health. With longevity medicine, the goal is to increase both lifespan and healthspan.

How do you measure lifespan?

Lifespan can be measured and tracked in several ways, including tracking life expectancy statistics for a population or measuring the maximum lifespan of individuals. Life expectancy statistics are typically based on average age at death within a given population, while maximum lifespan measures the longest amount of time an individual has lived (not necessarily the average). Additionally, mortality rates and age-based mortality ratios can also be used to measure lifespan.

How do you measure healthspan?

Healthspan can be measured in a variety of ways, including tracking health-related quality of life measures such as physical activity, nutrition, and stress levels. Other methods include age-specific physical functioning indices and biomarkers for aging.

BENEFITS OF LONGEVITY MEDICINE

The benefits of longevity medicine are numerous. By taking a proactive, preventive approach to health, individuals will be able to take charge of their own health and wellness as they age. Additionally, this type of medicine can help reduce the risk of chronic diseases by targeting lifestyle modifications and providing personalized interventions that work for each individual. Finally, longevity medicine has the potential to extend human lifespan, allowing individuals to live longer and healthier lives.

Longevity medicine is an exciting field that has the potential to revolutionize how we think about aging and overall health. With its focus on preventive care and personalized interventions, this approach can help individuals take control of their health and wellness as they age. By taking a proactive approach to health, individuals can reduce their risk of chronic diseases and live longer, healthier lives.

 This is the potential of longevity medicine – a revolutionary approach to promoting health and well-being that has the power to extend life expectancy and improve quality of life. It is an exciting field that has the potential to revolutionize how we think about aging and overall health. With its focus on preventive care and personalized interventions, this approach can help individuals take control of their health and wellness as they age, allowing them to live longer, healthier lives. We are just beginning to understand the power of longevity medicine – a revolutionary approach to promoting health and well-being that has the potential to extend life expectancy and improve quality of life. With further research, this innovative field could revolutionize how we think about aging and overall health – giving individuals the power to take charge of their own health and wellness as they age. And that’s something worth striving for.

HALLMARKS OF AGING

In order to further understand the science behind longevity medicine, it is important to look at the key markers of aging. The original 9 Hallmarks of Aging include:

  • genomic instability
  • telomere attrition
  • epigenetic alterations
  • loss of proteostasis
  • deregulated nutrient sensing
  • mitochondrial dysfunction
  • cellular senescence
  • stem cell exhaustion
  • and altered intercellular communication

Recently, researchers added 3 new hallmarks of aging:

  • chronic inflammation
  • disabled macroautophagy
  • and dysbiosis

By looking at these key markers of aging, longevity medicine can focus on targeting lifestyle modifications and providing personalized interventions that work for each individual. For example, research has shown that exercise can help protect against age-related diseases and

By understanding these hallmarks of aging, we can begin to understand how certain interventions – such as lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and personalized treatment plans – can help to slow down the aging process and improve overall health.

WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM LONGEVITY MEDICINE?

Anyone can benefit from longevity medicine, regardless of age or current health status. From adults to seniors and everyone in between, individuals who are proactive about their health can benefit from this innovative approach to preventive care. Additionally, those with chronic illnesses or conditions may also find that incorporating personalized interventions into their routine will help them better manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. Ultimately, longevity medicine is designed to help individuals take charge of their own health and wellness – an important step in ensuring a happier, healthier future.

By taking a proactive approach to preventive care and incorporating personalized interventions into our daily lives, we can increase our chances of living longer, healthier lives.

References

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4969078

[2] https://www.lifespan.io/news/the-hallmarks-of-agings-original-authors-offer-a-fresh-view/

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